An earlier version of this article was presented at the Population Association of America Annual Conference (virtual), April 2021. This work has been supported by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (Grant No. R01 HD101480); the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation; and the NICHD-funded University of Colorado Population Center (Grant No. P2C HD066613). Amanda Stevenson reports receiving funding from the Lawyering Project. Stefanie Mollborn reports receiving funding from the University of Colorado Boulder. The authors are grateful to Joshua Sanders for data management and scientific computing; to Liyang Xie, Leslie Root, and Abigail Humphreys for constructive comments on earlier drafts; and to Stephanie Chamberlin for research assistance. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the Census Bureau or the National Institutes of Health. All results were approved for release by the Disclose Review Board of the US Census Bureau (Data Management System number P-7515912, Disclosure Review Board approval numbers CBDRB-FY22-ERD002-08, CBDRB-FY22-ERD002-012, and CBDRB-FY22-ERD002-013).
